学术信息
生理与病理生理学系及糖尿病中心学术活动
生理与病理生理学系及糖尿病中心学术活动
1. Haiyan Xu, MD. PhD.
Assistant Professor of Medicine
The Hallett Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology
Rhode Island Hospital
Brown Medical School
Title: Obesity and adipose inflammation: role of infiltrated macrophages
2. Robert John Smith,MD
Professor of Medicine
The Hallett Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology
Rhode Island Hospital
Brown Medical School
Title: A molecular journey from insulin and IGFs to neurodegenerative disease 时间：2007-10-22（Monday），10:00am 地点：生理楼三层会议室 Haiyan Xu, MD, joined the faculty as assistant professor of medicine in the division of endocrinology in 2005. Her education includes a MD degree from Beijing Medical University, a MS from the same school and a PhD from Harvard University. She was a researcher in the department of metabolic disease biology at Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. from 2000 to 2003 and moved to the metabolic disease research division at Abbott Laboratories in 2004. Her honors include the Edgar Haber Award in Biological Sciences and the Medical Sigma Xi Harvard-Radcliffe Chapter Scientific Recognition Award from Harvard University. A major focus of Xu's research is on the mechanisms of obesity-related insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Her work is particularly focused on the correlation of adipose inflammation and insulin signaling in obesity, novel factors in the regulation of adipose energy metabolism and mechanisms controlling hepatic gluconeogenesis. Her discovery of obesity-induced macrophage infiltration in adipose tissue has revealed a new mechanism contributing to the systemic inflammatory response that complicates obesity and diabetes. This work was selected as one of the milestone discoveries in the 80-year publication history of the Journal of Clinical Investigation. Her current research projects include studies on the factors responsible for trigerring obesity-induced adipose macrophage infiltration, the roles of novel AMPK-related kinases in adipocyte biology and the effects of two phosphatases on insulin signaling in liver and adipose tissue. Selected publications:1． Haiyan Xu, Jaswinder Sethi, G?khan S. Hotamisligil. The transmembrane form of tumor necrosis factor-a inhibits adipocyte differentiation by selectively activating TNF receptor I. Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 (37): 26287-26295, 1999
2． Jaswinder K. Sethi, Haiyan Xu, K. Teoman Uysal, Sarah M. Wiesbrock, Ludger Scheja, and G?khan S. Hotamisligil. Characterization of receptor-specific TNFa functions in adipocyte cell lines lacking TNF receptors. FEBS letters 469: 77-82, 2000
3． Haiyan Xu, K. Teoman Uysal, J. David Becherer, Peter Arner and G?khan S. Hotamisligil. Altered TNFa processing in adipocytes and increased expression of transmembrane TNFa in obesity. Diabetes 51 (6), 1876-1883, 2002
4． Haiyan Xu, Glenn T. Barnes, Qing Yang, Guo Tan, Daseng Yang, Chieh J. Chou, Jason Sole, Andrew Nichols, Jeffrey S. Ross, Louis A. tartaglia and Hong Chen. Chronic inflammation in adipose tissue plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 112 (12): 1821-1830, 2003
5. Haiyan Xu, Qing Yang, Minhui Shen, Xueming Huang, Marlene Dembski, Ruth Gimeno, Louis A. Tartaglia, Rosana Kapeller and Zhidan Wu. Dual specificity MAP kinase phosphatase-3 activates PEPCK transcription and increases gluconeogenesis in rat hepatoma cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 280 (43): 36013-8, 2005
Robert J. Smith joined the faculty in 2000 as director of the division of endocrinology and the new Hallett Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology. His education included a BA in biochemistry from the University of Pennsylvania, a BMS degree from Dartmouth Medical School, and an MD from Harvard Medical School. He completed internal medicine residency training at Duke University and subspecialty training in endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism at the National Institutes of Health (Bethesda, MD) and the Brigham and Women's Hospital (Boston, MA). He was a member of the faculty of Harvard Medical School from 1978-2000 with appointments at the Joslin Diabetes Center, the Brigham and Women's Hospital, and the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. A major focus of Smith's research is on the mechanisms of cellular signaling by insulin, insulin-like growth factors and growth hormone, and the mechanisms through which changes in signaling lead to human disease. His work is directed in particular to the role of altered hormone signaling in diabetes mellitus, genetic and acquired growth disorders, and catabolic states associated with severe illness. In addition to studies on cell surface hormone receptors and intracellular signaling mechanisms, he has extensively investigated nutritional factors that are interactive with hormone signaling mechanisms. The experimental approaches utilized in his laboratory extend methodologically from basic molecular biology to clinical studies in an effort to understand the molecular basis for clinically relevant disease processes. Selected publications (over 100 papers) Laviola L, Giorgino F, Chow JC, Baquero JA, Hansen H, Ooi J, Zhu J, Riedel H, Smith RJ. The adapter protein Grb10 associates preferentially with the insulin receptor as compared with the IGF-I receptor in mouse fibroblasts. J Clin Invest 1997; 99:830-837. Giorgino F, de Robertis O, Laviola L, Montrone C, Perrini S, McCowen KC, Smith RJ. The sentrin-conjugating enzyme mUbc9 interacts with GLUT4 and GLUT1 glucose transporters and regulates transporter levels in skeletal muscle cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2000; 97:1125-1130. Giovannone, B, Lee E, Laviola L, Giorgino F, Cleveland, KA, Smith RJ. Two novel proteins that are linked to insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) receptors by the Grb10 adapter and modulate IGF-I signaling. J Biol Chem 2003; 278: 31564-31573. Abuzzahab MJ, Schneider A, Goddard A, Grigorescu F, Lautier C, Keller E, Kiess W, Klammt J, Kratzsch J, Osgood D, Pfaffle R, Ralle K, Seidel B, Smith RJ, Chernausek SD. IGF-I receptor mutations resulting in intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation. N Engl J Med 2003; 349: 2211-2222. Dufresne AM, Smith RJ. The adapter protein GRB10 is an endogenous negative regulator of insulin-like growth factor signaling. Endocrinology 2005; 146: 4399-4409.
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